Fourier Transform
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Fourier Transform does mathematically what our ears do physically: resolve a signal into component frequencies. FT is a method to determine the simple wave components of a mixed wave. The method is theoretically based on calculus, but is actually carried out computationally using numerical analysis.
The signal output from an NMR instrument is called a Free Induction Decay (FID) and looks like this:
This signal gives intensity of the signal versus time. A fourier transform algorithm is applied to the signal which converts it to intensity versus frequency:
